What are the benefits a naturalized Canadian citizen receives? The main difference between a Canadian permanent residence and a Canadian citizen is the right to hold a Canadian passport and the right to vote. Also, for those immigrants who wish to work for the federal government or run for political office, becoming a Canadian citizen enables you to do so. But more importantly, becoming a Canadian citizen is an important symbolic step. It shows to the community that one has embraced the values of the country and is committed to its future.