You must have legal temporary resident status in Canada to remain in the country legally without the possibility of being removed. Having legal temporary resident status means you have a document issued by Citizenship and Immigration, which allows you to remain in Canada for the period of time specified on your
visitor document (work permit, study permit) or on your temporary resident permit.
と書いてあります。
さらに、
Although out-of-status spouses and common-law partners may now apply for permanent residence in the Spouse or Common-law Partner Class, persons without legal immigration status in Canada are unable to work or study and may be subject to removal proceedings any time for failing to have or maintain legal immigration status in Canada.